An extensive body of clinical and basic science research has confirmed that cigarette smoking negatively impacts bone healing. Newer products, such as electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and heated tobacco products (HTPs), are often described as safer alternatives to traditional
Tag: tobacco
Here’s one thing about which medical studies have been nearly unanimous: Smoking is a health hazard by any measure. In the February 15, 2017 edition
The July 1, 2015 JBJS contains a database-driven analysis by Duchman et al. of more than 78,000 patients who underwent primary total hip or knee